My Heart's in Accra

Ethan Zuckerman's musings on Africa, international development
and hacking the media.

01/27/2005 (6:49 pm)

A brief gearhead post – my podcasting setup

Filed under: Uncategorized ::

A couple of blog readers have asked me about the gear I’m using to do my podcasts. Happy to share, in the hopes that it might be helpful to anyone else thinking about trying the experiment.

I use a Powerbook G4 as my main computer, and generally try to use open source software whenever it’s reasonable to do so, so my choices reflect those biases.

I’m bringing audio into my Mac using a microphone pre-amp box made by M-Audio, called the MobilePre USB. It accepts inputs from two XLR mics, or one mic and one 1/4″ source, or from a stereo (mini) mic jack, and gives level control for those two sources. It connects to the Mac via the USB port, and draws its power from the USB port as well. The price was right (about $150 USD from an online retailer), and setup was extremely easy. My only gripe – it doesn’t provide very much amplification – I’m running it turned up pretty high to get a good signal. This may well be the tradeoff for the fact that I don’t have to carry a separate power supply for it. The box appears to be pretty sturdy, and is about the size of a paperback novel – it fits nicely into my briefcase.

At home, I’m using a pair of AKG C1000S microphones, low-end studio microphones from my days as a musician. They’re cheap by audiophile standards (about $200 USD each) and pretty versatile. But they’ve got a record of being a little fragile, so when I’m recording remotely, I’m using a Shure SM57, a cheap ($80 USD) microphone known for its indestructability.

I’m recording into Audacity, an open source sound editing program that’s capable of outputting to mp3. Idiot that I am, I’ve been recording at a very high sampling rate – I’m going to try doing my next recording at 11Khz, which should give me decent sound quality and much smaller files to work with.

In other words, if you’ve got a Mac and want to get started doing this, you should be able to spend less than $250 USD and get gear that allows you to do this in a way that sounds significantly better than plugging a mic into your mic jack. Not that there’s anything wrong with that approach either…

01/27/2005 (6:14 pm)

Keywords, folksonomies and Ghanaian barber shop signs

Filed under: Africa (older) ::

In thinking about how to build an index of bridgeblogs (weblogs intended for a global, as well as local audience) from around the world, I’ve been subscribing to a couple of new feeds: all photos on Flickr tagged “ghana”, every page tagged “ghana” on del.icio.us, any page on Technorati that mentions “ghana” and any page with an explicit “ghana” tag on Technorati.

An early observation – hand-tagging kicks the keyword searching’s butt when it comes to identifying relevant results. For the last week, every flickr and del.icio.us post tagged as “ghana” has been about Ghana, in one fashion or another; that’s true for about 20% of the keyword matches on Technorati. Lots of Technorati keyword matches pull up Ghana as one of a hundred nations listed on a post or a story (pull-down menus to select country of origin are particularly problematic) – others have a passing reference to Ghana, usually in the context of 419 scams, or as a placeholder to mean “godforsaken poor nation I’ve never been to and know nothing about”.

I’m also discovering a lovely form of blog spamming. Say you want to “own” the keyword “banking” in engines like Google. One popular strategy seems to be to take a number of legitimate articles about banking, written in the trade press, and post them in their entirity to your blog. Link your blog in multiple places to the page you’re trying to promote. I have no idea if it works to improve your Google juice, but it’s sure frustrating to me – I see you linking to an article about Ghanaian banking and assume you’re maintaining an interesting blog on international financial systems, while you’re mostly trying to promote your mortgage refinancing business.

None of this is Technorati’s fault – these problems are true for any keyword-based search engine. And manual tagging systems benefit from the fact that they’re usually too young to have anyone spamming them. But this whole experience is making me very hopeful that David Weinberger is right, and that user-created “folksonomies” are going to revolutionize how we use the net.

That said, it’s hard to beat keyword-surfing for pure serendipitious fun. I just found a post about Ghanaian barber shop signs on Ghost of a Flea, cribbed in turn from robot action boy. It leads to a gallery exhibition of Ghanaian barber shop signs, as well as barber and hair-braiding signs throughout the region.

(Some cultural context: in a number of West African cities, some barbers ply their trade by walking around a neighborhood, carrying a sign and a box filled with combs and scissors. They bang a pair of scissors against the wooden sign to attract attention. When they find a customer, the box becomes a stool to sit on, and the customer can point to a model hairstyle on the sign. It’s an instant barber shop – just add customers.)

The gallery exhibition, in turn, sent me downstairs with my camera to document one of my prized posessions, a barber shop bought by my roommates Stephanie and Raoul in Accra in 1993. They’d concluded (very wisely) that Ghanaian barber signs were going to be one of the next big art trends and started walking around Accra, offering barbers $10-20 for their signs, which was usually a subtantial profit over what they’d paid for them. They filled a crate with signs, sent them home to Chicago, and may well have sold several of them to the gallery mentioned above. My sign was too big to fit in the crate, so it lived in my Accra living room until mid-1994, when I brought it home in my suitcase, and it now graces my Lanesboro living room.

On my last few trips to Ghana, I’ve seen very few of these barber shop signs. I get the sense that there are fewer barbers who walk around with clippers, a bench and a sign, and more fixed-location barber shops these days. I wonder to what extent that trend is due to American and European art collectors? Or maybe Accra’s barbers have simply given up hope that I will ever cut off my (rapidly thinning) long hair…?

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